308 FOREIGN BODIES AND TUMOURS IN THE NOSTRILS. 



epithelium, and believed them to have been formed in the guttural 

 pouch. 



New growths, in the form of polypi, often occur in the nostrils. 

 According to Ercolani, Cato and Absyrtus were acquainted with nasal 

 polypi ; and in 1784, Icart is said to have removed one weighing 

 If lbs. from a horse. The growths are most commonly fibromata 

 and myxomata, though lipomata, osteomata, enchondromata, angio- 

 mata, sarcomata, and carcinomata have been found. They often 

 originate from the protuberance of the ethmoid or the lateral wall 

 of the nostril. Gurlt has seen them develop from the nasal septum, 

 Rizot from the turbinated bones. Hamburger discovered an extensive 

 myxofibroma in the septum nasi, whilst Lammers met with a case 

 where the mucous membrane was thickened, and showing cavities 

 containing numerous examples of strongylus armatus ; Kitt observed 

 a sarcoma in the nostril of a dog. Strerath found tuberculosis of 

 the nasal mucous membrane in a calf. The animal had shown 

 difficulty in breathing after taking food or water, and usually breathed 

 through the mouth, making a snoring noise. The growths were of 

 varying size, some as large as grains of corn, some like peas, others 

 again were confluent and gave the membrane a fatty appearance. 

 Strebel described a cyst containing a piece of bone, which he found 

 in an ox. He considered it had originated in the ethmoid bone. 

 New r growths occasionally extend into the nostril from the brain 

 cavity and maxillary sinuses. Cases of botryomycosis and actinomy- 

 cosis of the nasal mucous membrane have also been observed in 

 the horse and ox. 



Symptoms. Both tumours and foreign bodies in the nostrils 

 produce a muco-purulent discharge, which is generally one-sided, 

 and often accompanied by bleeding. The pharyngeal glands are 

 usually swollen. The air-stream from the affected nostril is weaker, 

 and not infrequently a loud breathing sound, resembling that in 

 roaring, is present, constituting asthma nasale. Compression of 

 the lachrymal duct produces overflow of tears. When the condition 

 becomes further developed, the nasal or superior maxillary bones or 

 the hard palate appear swollen. Sometimes the growth even extends 

 through the plate of bone. More exact information as to the nature 

 of the case is obtained on examination with a speculum, with a sound, 

 or merely with the finger. Polypi sometimes become so long as to 

 protrude from the nostril. When they grow from the upper part of 

 the meatus, the earliest symptoms are the before-mentioned asthma 

 nasale and swelling of the nasal bones, but if their origin is low down, 

 they may be felt and even seen soon after dyspnoea becomes constant. 



