:no 



FACIAL (EDEMA. 



cerebritis, owing to the inflammation extending from the point of 

 operation to the brain. 



The term " rhinoscleroma " was formerly given to a disease of the 

 nose in man, usually following nasal catarrh, and producing general 

 swelling both of the nasal mucous membrane and the external skin. The 

 swelling, as the name indicates, is distinguished by its hardness, and may 

 be of such dimensions that the nostrils are completely occluded. The 

 schneiderian membrane appears livid. Anatomically, the thickening is 

 like that of elephantiasis, and, according to later investigations, is caused 

 by a specific infection — a micro-organism, similar to Friedlander's pneumo- 



coccus, having been found in the growth. 

 Whether this condition occurs in the 

 lower animals has yet to be ascertained. 

 The cases hitherto reported show pecu- 

 liarities indicating other than micro- 

 organismal causes. This view seems to 

 be supported by a reported case of 

 Jacobi's, where recovery followed the 

 injection of Lugol's solution of iodine 

 into the submucous tissue. A similar 

 case was given in the Zeitschrift fiir 

 VeierindrJcunde. It cannot be denied that 

 the nasal mucous membrane and the 

 nostrils do become swollen as in ele- 

 phantiasis, but whether such swellings 

 should be looked upon as examples of 

 rhinoscleroma cannot be determined 

 without a fuller knowledge of their 

 nature. 



In an omnibus horse the upper and 

 lower lips and the nose became extremely 

 thickened. Both nostrils and the lower 

 lip felt hard. The swelling was smooth 

 on the surface and the skin covering it 

 was denuded of hair and closely adherent. 

 Some spots on the upper lip were deprived of pigment and appeared dull 

 red in colour. The swelling was not sharply margmated above, but 

 gradually shaded off about 4 inches above the nostrils, extending 

 somewhat higher, however, as it receded from the middle line of the 

 face, and being continued in the form of a slender cordiform enlarge- 

 ment up to the masseter muscles. 



The nostrils were 3£ inches in length. The anterior edge of the lips 

 extended about 3 inches beyond the incisor teeth. The mucous membrane 

 of the lips and nose was little changed, and there was neither nasal 

 discharge nor difficulty in breathing. The submaxillary and prepectoral 

 lymphatic glands were swollen and hard. A small firm swelling was 

 noted above the right eyelid and a hard, ill-defined but somewhat ex- 

 tensive swelling below the chest. The latter was not adherent to the 

 skin. The condition had attained the above development in two 

 months despite treatment. 



Extensive oedema of the head sometimes occurs in the horse in petechial 



FlG. 306.— Facial oedema after 

 injury. 



