CHRONIC LARYNGITIS AND PERILARYNGITIS. 439 



and expiration, or may not differ from that produced by paralysis 

 of the recurrent nerve. A further symptom of disease of the vocal 

 cords is marked hoarseness or loss of voice (aphonia). 



Tumours are most frequent in oxen, though also found in horses 

 and other animals. Their general position at the base of the epiglottis 

 makes it probable that many are actinomycotic. The new growths 

 described as cystic tumours of the larynx are possibly of this 

 character. Gurlt describes the majority of the tumours in the 

 larynx as polypi. Some may be mycotic, especially those associated 

 with pus formation. A laryngeal tumour of the ox, discovered by 

 Peschel, was stated by Johne to be an adenoma of the mucous glands. 



Lee removed a cartilaginous growth from the vocal cord of a horse 

 which had suffered from broken wind and was unable to neigh ; recovery 

 was complete in six weeks. Besnard lost a six-year-old mare by suffocation 

 produced by a pedunculated cystic polypus, as large as a walnut, which 

 had its seat at the base of the epiglottis, and caused difficulty in swallowing, 

 together with severe dyspnoea and attacks of coughing. Degive believed 

 that the dyspnoea arose from the epiglottis being pushed into the larynx 

 by the swelling during deglutition, and not by the cyst being swallowed, 

 as Besnard thought. Lehnhard found a retention cyst, as large as a hen's 

 egg and full of clear fluid, on the anterior surface of the epiglottis in a 

 horse which had suddenly died from suffocation. 



Tuberculosis of the larynx is common in oxen. Confusion with 

 actinomycotic tumours often occurs, but a case of tuberculous new 

 growth in the larynx of an ox was described by Johne, who had 

 already drawn attention to the similarity of the two diseases. Prietsch 

 and others noted tuberculosis of the larynx in cows on post-mortem. 



Cadiot and Dollar (" Clinical Veterinary Medicine and Surgery ") 

 describe a number of cases of tuberculous ulcer of the neck in the 

 dog and cat. The pathogeny of the condition is as follows : — In 

 animals with tuberculous lesions of the lung coughing is common, 

 and virulent tuberculous material is continually being passed into 

 the pharynx, the mucous membrane of which becomes inoculated 

 (auto-inoculation). The disease soon extends to the neighbouring 

 lymphatic glands, which become inflamed. Suppuration of the 

 surrounding tissues and ulceration of the skin follow. The wound 

 thus produced rarely heals, and in most of the cases death occurs 

 within a few weeks or months. 



Symptoms and progress. The first stages in the development 

 of new growths are naturally beyond the field of clinical observation. 

 Dyspnoea and, under certain circumstances, disturbance in swab- 

 lowing are only produced after the growths have reached a certain 

 size. On the epiglottis, however, they may attain considerable 



