LARYNGOTOMY. 471 



the state of many of the horses showed some improvement, the 

 roaring did not disappear in any of them. Then he tried to secure 

 permanent adhesion of the arytenoid to the thyroid cartilage, by 

 means of a ligature passed through the thyroid plate, without opening 

 the larynx or trachea, but generally the result was an aggravation 

 of the noise. Myotomy of the paralysed posterior crico-arytenoid 

 muscle was found equally inefficacious, and Moller arrived at the 

 conclusion that complete excision of the arytenoid cartilage on the 

 paralysed side is the only useful laryngeal operation for roaring. 

 Cadiot has frequently performed arytenoidectomy more or less 

 modified according to the particular case, but without increasing 

 the proportion of successes, and he now practises excision of the 

 paralysed arytenoid with suppression of the corresponding ventricle. 

 Of four operations performed by Siedamgrotzky, one was completely 

 successful, and three rendered the horses capable of work. Labat 

 operated on five horses by this method. The first two died ; of 

 the remaining three, two completely recovered, and one was much 

 improved. Plosz operated five times ; three cases recovered com- 

 pletely, one incompletely, one failed entirely. Lanzillotti-Buonsanti 

 used a cannula padded with gauze ; in one case pulmonary gangrene 

 and death occurred, in the other distortion of the left side of the 

 epiglottis. In six cases Blanchard removed a portion of the cricoid 

 cartilage, and claims to have seen improvement. Liautard sutured 

 the arytenoid cartilage to the crico-thyroid ligament and excised 

 the vocal cord ; four cases are said to have recovered, and two to 

 have been improved. 



A number of cases of operation for roaring will be found described 

 in Cadiot and Dollar's " Clinical Veterinary Medicine and Surgery." 



Within the last two or three years the operation introduced by 

 Dr. Williams of Cornell, U.S.A., of excising the mucous lining of the 

 sacculus laryngis, or laryngeal ventricle, has been largely practised 

 on roaring horses on the United States and in England. According 

 to reports some horses have been cured, others have been greatly 

 improved, while many have shown no change for the better, and 

 there have been a few deaths soon after operation. The aim of this 

 operation, which is sometimes performed on both sides of the larynx, 

 is to secure permanent cicatricial adhesion between the opposed 

 surfaces of the arytenoid and thyroid cartilages and obliteration of 

 the laryngeal pouch. 



At first a large opening was made into the larynx, the crico-tracheal 

 ligament, crico-thyroid membrane, cricoid, one or two tracheal 

 cartilages, and even the body of the thyroid shield, being divided, 



