742 PARALYSIS OF THE HIND EXTREMITIES, 



Prietsch saw a similar accident in a two-year- old heifer, which slipped 

 with her hind-legs on a smooth pavement. The animal was unable to 

 rise, and on post-mortem the symphysis pubis was found separated 

 throughout its entire length. 



In horses, the symphysis pubis becomes completely ossified, and therefore 

 in them fracture is commoner than separation. 



The diagnosis becomes absolute on examination per anum. The 

 incurability of the disease renders immediate slaughter advisable. 



VII.— HYGROMA OF THE SUBCUTANEOUS BURSA OF THE 

 TUBER ISCHII IN CATTLE. 



In cattle, which often rest with the hind-quarters against walls, 

 &c, chronic dropsy of the subcutaneous bursa on the point of the 

 ischium has been observed. A longish, ill-defined, painless, or only 

 slightly painful, fluctuating swelling the size of a man's fist or even 

 larger, develops on the point of the buttock, and on incision discharges 

 a serous fluid. 



In some recorded cases an incision about 3 inches long was made, 

 the contents were removed, and a tampon of tow saturated with 

 iodine tincture was inserted. Recovery occurred in two months. 



VIII.— PARALYSIS OF THE HIND EXTREMITIES. PARAPLEGIA. 



Paralysis means partial or complete loss of muscular con- 

 tractility from disorders of motor innervation. According to the 

 seat of the causal lesion, paralysis may be cerebral, spinal, or 

 peripheral. It varies in degree from simple muscular weakness 

 or incomplete loss of power (paresis) to complete loss of motion and 

 sensation. Monoplegia is paralysis limited to one limb, a group 

 of muscles, or a single muscle, and hemiplegia is applied to paralysis 

 of one lateral half of the body. Paraplegia, or bilateral paralysis, 

 affects the hind-quarters and limbs, and sometimes involves all 

 four extremities. 



Central (cerebral or spinal) paralysis may arise from injuries 

 (fractures, dislocations), hemorrhage, infective diseases (rabies, 

 distemper, dourine, strangles, &c), toxins, local disease, tumours, 

 parasites, mineral or vegetable poisons. Peripheral paralysis may 

 result from contusions, wounding, compression, neuritis, fracture, 

 rupture, &c. ; occasionally there is no discoverable lesion. As a 

 rule in animals paraplegia indicates disease or injury of the spinal 

 cord ; very rarely it is the result of brain disease. Two forms, 

 complete and incomplete paraplegia are recognised. The former 

 is seen : — 



