BURSITIS OF THE GLUTEUS MEDIUS. 933 



in men, is exceedingly rare in animals, though Falke's observations 

 show that it does occur. Schrader, who specially studied this form 

 of disease in horses, also describes it as very rare. It is seldom 

 recognised, even post-mortem. 



Symptoms. Lameness is more or less severe, depending on the 

 degree of inflammation. In cattle the diseased limb is extended with 

 the toe turned outwards. The gait is of a rolling character, the 

 limb being directed outwards and carried forward in a semicircle. 

 It is apt to collapse under the animal, especially when turning on 

 the diseased side. In the horse the symptoms are similar. As a 

 rule the quarter is tilted and atrophied, the animal moves diagonally, 

 or away from the lame side, the limb is abducted, and in harness 

 work the leg and shaft on the sound side show marks of friction. 

 Suppuration is notified by great increase of lameness and cellulitis 

 in the region of the joint. 



Course. The cases of hip-joint disease in cattle seen by Harms 

 generally took an unfavourable course. A few improved, but none 

 completely recovered. If lameness be marked, it is best to slaughter 

 the animal. In horses, contusion of the hip generally terminates 

 in recovery in about fourteen days, but arthritis and disease of the 

 ligamentum teres are incurable. 



Treatment. Rest is of the first importance. If necessary, the 

 animal may be slung, otherwise it should be provided with abundant 

 bedding. 



Recent contusions and strains, if accompanied by severe pain, 

 are treated with cold applications. If, after a week, there is no 

 marked improvement, a biniodide of mercury blister may be resorted 

 to. Setons and firing are also useful, though their efficacy chiefly 

 depends on the rest which they enforce. 



V.— INFLAMMATION OF THE BURSA OF THE GLUTEUS MEDIUS 



TENDON. 



Anatomy. The M. gluteus medius, which represents an extension of 

 the M. longissimus dorsi, is, in the horse, inserted on the femur by two 

 tendons and a muscular slip. One of the tendons is attached to the summit 

 of the great trochanter, the other plays over the ridge in front of the same 

 trochanter by means of a synovial bursa, and is attached below to the crest. 

 In horses, inflammation of this bursa or the tendon produces a peculiar 

 lameness, which was first described by K. Giinther, and afterwards by 

 Reynard and others. In England the disease has been called trochanteric 

 (Williams), or false hip- joint lameness. 



Causes. This disease, which is not uncommon in horses, may 

 be caused by bruising of the bursa, or violent strain of the tendon. 



