72 GENERAL THERAPEUTICS FOR VETERINARIANS 



other circulatory disturbances in external and internal organs; to 

 combat swellings, exudations, transudations, catarrhs, polyuria, 

 ptyalism and hyperhidrosis; in the treatment of aneurisms, vari- 

 cose veins and angiomas; to increase blood-pressure, and in the 

 treatment of cardiac weakness. (See also chapters on astringents 

 and antiphlogistics.) 



Drugs. — 1. Argenti nitras. Silver nitrate. The strongest 

 astringent in inflammation of the skin and mucous membranes; 

 best remedy in ulcers and bums; used in 5 to 10 per cent, solution 

 in water or alcohol; as a salve, 1 : 10; in substance in pencil form; 

 also in 3^ to 2 per cent, solution as an eye water. 



2. Zinci sulphas. Zinc sulphate. Important astringent in the 

 treatment of eye diseases; used in 3^ to 2 per cent, solution in 

 water (conjunctivitis). On other mucous membranes it is used in 

 1 to 5 per cent, solution. In inflammatory and eczematous condi- 

 tions of the skin, zinc sulphate and zinc oxide are used in the form 

 of the powder and ointment. 



3. Liquor plumbisubacetatisdilutus. Lead water. Goulard's 

 water. Frequently used as an astringent in inflammation of the 

 skin, burns, eczema and catarrhs of mucous membranes. 



4. Cupri sulphas. Copper sulphate. Astringent in diseases of 

 the eye and in foot rot. 



*Adrenalin. — A constituent of the suprarenals which has 

 vasoconstrictor properties and which acts locally in a dilution 

 of one to ten million. Used locally; a few drops of a solution of 

 adrenalin chloride in physiological salt solution (1: 1000). 



For other vasomotor stimulants see the previous chapter on 

 haemostatics; also chapters on astringents and antiphlogistics. 



3. VASODILATORS. AGENTS THAT DILATE BLOOD-VESSELS 

 Synonyms: Angio-asthenics, vasodilatants. 



Actions and Uses. — The vasodilators produce a dilation of the 

 blood-vessels by causing a relaxation of the blood-vessel wall 

 through depressing or paralyzing the vasoconstrictors or stimulat- 

 ing the vasodilators. They bring about an increased supply of 

 blood, decrease of blood-pressure, slowing of the circulation, and, 

 after prolonged action, stasis of blood with transudation of serum. 



