252 GENERAL THERAPEUTICS FOR VETERINARIANS 



the different preparations of serum has been unsatisfactory, especially in the 

 Prussian remount depots and in east Prussia. In Denmark, on the other hand, 

 the protective action of subcutaneous injections of dead strangles cocci [bac- 

 terin] and the curative effect of polyvalent serum have attained a great repu- 

 tation. Frohner's experience with the Danish serum confirms the reports 

 of its curative value. Protective vaccination (active immunization with 

 cocci) has been recently recommended in Germany. 



II. Curative Vaccination 



Character. — While by protective vaccination a certain time 

 before the entrance of infection an immunity is obtained (pre- 

 infection vaccination), the purpose of curative vaccination (post- 

 infection vaccination) is to accomplish the same result after 

 infection has taken place. The first attempt to heal an already 

 infected body by vaccination was made by Pasteur in his experi- 

 ments in the cure of rabies (1885). Then followed the experiments 

 of Koch, von Behring, [Pearson and Gilliland], Kitasato and others 

 with tuberculosis, tetanus, diphtheria, pneumonia, anthrax, swine 

 erysipelas, etc. 



Curative Vaccination in Rabies. — According to Pasteur, human 

 beings who have been bitten and infected with rabies may be 

 subsequently immunized by vaccination if they are inoculated in 

 a systematic manner with attenuated virus. A piece of the dried 

 spinal cord of a rabbit 2 to 3 cm. long (see p. 242) is rubbed up 

 with sterile bouillon, forming an emulsion, of which 14. ^o % 

 c.c. is immediately injected under the skin of the abdomen. In 

 the beginning a very weak vaccine is injected, and at each suc- 

 ceeding injection a somewhat stronger vaccine is used. Pasteur's 

 work was confirmed by Contani, Metschnikoff, Ullmann, Bujwid, 

 Bardach, R. Koch and others. It was not accepted, however, by 

 von Frisch, Hogyes, de Renzi, Bordoni-Uffreduzzi and others. 



Curative Vaccination in Swine Erysipelas. — In the use of swine 

 erysipelas serum in protective vaccination, very many cases have 

 been observed in which swine affected with erysipelas have ap- 

 parently been cured when the serum was injected early, 6 to 12 

 hours after the appearance of the first symptom, and in large 

 (10 to 30 c.c.) and repeated doses. 



