260 GENERAL THERAPEUTICS FOR VETERINARIANS 



bouillon culture of tubercle bacilli suspended in physiological salt 

 solution is used. Two suspensions are made, one containing 4 per 

 cent, of the precipitate and the other 8 per cent. Two drops of the 

 4 per cent, suspension are placed in the eye to sensitize it, and 4 

 days later two drops of the 8 per cent, suspension are placed in the 

 same eye. The reaction occurs in 6 to 14 hours. As yet, however, 

 the test has not been substituted for the subcutaneous test.] 



3. The Cutaneous and Intra.cutaneous method consists in 

 the application of a concentrated tuberculin solution to the 

 shaved or scarified skin, or its injection into the tissue of the cutis. 

 The dermal reaction is a pronounced cedematous, puffy swelling 

 at the place of inoculation (lateral surface of the neck, caudal- 

 anal fold). 



In order to insure the greatest possible certainty in diagnosis, 

 it is recommended that all three tests, the subcutaneous, con- 

 junctival, and cutaneous, be applied (simultaneous method). 



Mallein Injection. — Fluid mallein (raw mallein), obtained by 

 the evaporation of cultures of glanders bacilli, and dry mallein, 

 an alcohoUc precipitate of the fluid mallein, are introduced into 

 the animal body in order to utiUze for diagnostic purposes the 

 excessive sensibility of infected animals to mallein, manifested in 

 the form of local symptoms of inflammation or symptoms of a 

 general febrile affection. According to the place of application 

 of the mallein (conjunctiva, subcutis, cutis), three methods of 

 malleinization are distinguished: 



(a) The ophthalmic test or ophthalmic reaction. 



(b) The subcutaneous test or thermal reaction. 



(c) The cutaneous test or cuti-reaction. 



(a) The Ophthalmic Test (ophthalmic reaction, conjunctival 

 malleinization) is applied by introducing into the conjunctival 

 sac with a brush or dropper a few drops of fluid mallein (0.2 c.c. 

 or 0.2 gram per horse, 0.5 c.c. or 0.5 gram for 5 horses), or a few 

 drops of a 1 per cent, solution of dry mallein [precipitated mallein]. 

 The other eye serves as a control. The specific reaction usually 

 begins 5 to 6 hours after the instillation and continues 36 to 48 



