GROWTH OF TYPES OF ORGANIZATION 155 



tlie powerful tribe. It is the great leader that draws 

 together the people of a nation into a solid, compact 

 unit. It was Julius Caesar who made the Komau 

 empire. It was Mohammed who organized and made 

 powerful the Mohammedan nation. It was Xapoleon 

 who united into a system a shattered nation, broken 

 to pieces by bad conditions, and enabled it to make 

 front against all of the combined power of Europe. 

 It was Washington who united the settlers into a 

 Union. From the beginning to the end of history 

 great men have been the centers around which 

 nations have develo]:>ed. Individuals have been the 

 nucleus around which organization has crvstallized. 



This great influence of individuals is one of the 

 unique features of human civilization. In organic 

 evolution the individual rarely counts. His influ- 

 ence upon posterity can be only through leaving 

 a more numerous and more vigorous ofl'spring. The 

 influence of his life is nothing. With man, owing to 

 new relations and new powers, the individual counts 

 in evolution quite independently of offspring. His 

 life has its meaning and not his children only. This 

 will be discussed later, but demands notice here 

 where we first see the influence of personality as a 

 uniting center among men. 



At this point there is a diversion in the history of 

 races of man, a diversion which has dominated the 

 development of two radically difl:'erent types of civ- 

 ilization since the earliest historical periods of 

 human life. From the very outset two different rela- 

 tions can be seen between the chieftain and the people 

 over whom he has influence, and these two relations 

 form the foundations of two widely divergent types 

 of civilization. One was the patriarchal relation, 



