GROWTH OF TYPES OF ORGANIZATION 175 



to the front. While the circumstances which have 

 built the nations have been as varied as the nations, 

 the building of the nations around some center has 

 been universal. 



Centralization a Source of Weakness 



Centralization has thus been the keynote of prog- 

 ress in the Aryan race as well as in the Oriental 

 races. It must be noticed, however, that among the 

 Aryans it is a source of disturbance and weakness as 

 well as one of strength. Whenever this centraliza- 

 tion has reached the conditions found in Oriental 

 nations and become so great as to lead to despotism, 

 there is shown an element of weakness which soon 

 results in revolution and disintegration. As soon as 

 the army with its generals ruled Rome the empire 

 fell into decay and died. When the monarchy be- 

 came a despotism in France the result was chaos. 

 Spain and Italy became servilely obedient to the 

 Roman Church and passed rapidly and surely from 

 their position as world powers. Germany, until its 

 recent history, has resisted to a considerable extent 

 this centralizing tendency, and as a result has re- 

 tained its vigor. The result of its present centralized 

 but limited monarchy is yet to be seen, for it is too 

 early to determine its influence upon the people. 

 England has persistently refused to be ruled by a 

 central despot, and this refusal on her part has led 

 to her becoming the widest world power, with influ- 

 ence that extends over the entire globe. The United 

 States, which also persistently refuses to recognize a 

 permanent central power, has rapidly become a 

 world nation. Thus the nations that have retained 

 world influence are those that, along with certain 



