238 SOCIAL HEREDITY AND SOCIAL EVOLUTION 



picked families that have been instigated to leave 

 their old homes, first, on account of want, but in the 

 second place by an uneasy, roving disposition. The 

 individuals desirous of a quiet life are the ones who 

 remain behind, while those who love novelty, who are 

 ambitious and restless, migrate into the new 

 countries. This it is which, in large degree, gives to 

 the United States and Australia the activity and con- 

 stant restlessness so characteristic of these two new 

 countries when compared with the older country 

 from which most of their inhabitants originally 

 sprang. Thus, even to-day selection and partial 

 elimination are producing a gradual change in the 

 character of the race. But this is rapidly ceasing to 

 be a factor in human selection, inasmuch as migra- 

 tions into new territories are becoming less common 

 because they are less possible. 



Natural Selection as Affecting Peace-Loving 



Races 



To-day, in all civilized communities, sufficient food 

 is produced for all, leaving out of account such semi- 

 civilized people as those in India. Starvation is a 

 great rarity, so great, indeed, that, in civilized com- 

 munities, it is looked upon as a most extraordinary 

 exception. With actual starvation, then, the member 

 of a civilized land has no contest. The struggle for 

 food is not, with him, a struggle for actual life, for 

 in this struggle practically everyone is successful. 

 In the struggle for life every individual is a victor 

 who succeeds in preserving his own life, and, inas- 

 much as starvation among civilized men is the rarest 

 exception rather than the rule, it follows that, so far 

 as concerns this phase of natural selection, all mem- 



