JO THE HORSE. 



abnormal development of fibula was esteemed a beauty 

 of the hock. At the present time it is justly expected 

 that the flexor-tendons of the phalanx should descend in 

 a straight line from the point of the calcaneum to the 

 posterior side of the fetlock. 



The soft blemishes of the hock are windgall, turnout- 

 swollen by an effusion of synovia which is found in the 

 hollow of the hock in its inferior position anterior to the 

 calcaneum. When it exists on both sides it is branched. 

 When on one only, it is simple. 



The windgall in the fold of the hock, and within, is 

 more serious because it is articular. 



The capelet develops around the point of the hock, 

 and is often a synovial accumulation. In that case the 

 swelling is mobile, and forms a cushion rounded in a pellet. 



The saphenic vein, on the internal portion of the 

 hock, is sometimes affected by irregular dilatations of its 

 line ; these are varicose veins. 



The anterior limb can show at the knee an enlargement, 

 named osselet. Osseous blemishes take the name of splints 

 on the anterior and posterior canons. 



Windgall is a soft tumour formed by a synovial 

 accumulation above the fetlock, and on each side of the 

 pedal flexor tendons. 



Exostoses can locate themselves on the coronet, on 

 the anterior face, or even on the entire circumference ; 

 these are ring-bones. 



Malanders are fissures in the fold of the knee. Those 

 of the hock are called sallenders. 



A hock deformed with tumours is said to be capped. 



All the blemishes, hard or soft, just enumerated in the 

 above summary, are only serious when they impede 

 the motions of the horse. They should, therefore, not 

 otherwise receive too much attention. 



For the eye it is different. It is essential to be 

 thoroughly familiar with their situation in order to avoid 

 their portrayal should they exist, and more especially 

 not to invent them through ignorance of the accidental or 

 permanent defects in a horse, or through lack of 

 knowledge of its physical formation, which would render 

 liable the multiplication of the faults in the constitution 

 of those portions, the reproduction of which is desired. 



