PROPORTIONS. 75 



The croup, as it has been just limited (D,F) can also 

 be found with sufficient exactitude, as far as length is con- 

 cerned, four times on the same horse, namely, i, from 

 the point of the buttock to the inferior portion of the stifle 

 (F, P). — 2, As the width of the neck, a little in advance 

 of the withers, a little above the point of the arm (S, X). 

 — 3, From this last point above the lower jaw (X, Q), 

 when the head is naturally placed parallel to the shoulder 

 (E. H). — Finally, 4, from the nape of the neck to the 

 nostrils (71,11'). 



In the corner of Fig. 35, A, B represent the length of 

 the head; B, 2, the half; B, 4, the fourth ; B, G, is a 

 vertical from the ground, equal to that of the withers H. 

 The measurement of the half of the head will also be 

 a very useful guide to the construction of a horse, when 

 it is known that it is frequently applied in several portions, 

 namely (P, Q) ; from the forehead, above the eye, per- 

 pendicular to the tangential line of the jaw — 2, profile 

 of the neck to the level of the base of the head (q, L) — 

 3, from the coronet of the fore-feet below the knee 

 (T,T') — 4, on the hind legs from the base of the fetlock 

 to that of the hock (U,V) — 5, finally it is about the 

 length of the humerus from the point E to the radius. 



It was the picture representative of averages in the 

 " Physiology " of Colin, giving the dimensions in length of 

 the various rays of the members in the domesticated 

 mammifer, which gave me the idea of applying the half 

 of the length of the head to this measurement of the arm- 

 bone, which the professor estimates at 31 centimeters, 

 The measurement of the head, in the majority of cases, 

 being 60 centimeters, I believe I am approximately 

 accurate in indicating it. 



In fact, in a list of observations with appended figures, 

 relating to fifty African horses, from 1 meter 44 centi- 

 meters in height, and in which only one attained 1 meter 

 60 centimeters, we find : — 



17 horses having 60 centimeters length of head. 

 10 „ 59 



9 „ 62 



8 „ 58 



5 .. 61 



1 ., 6^; 



