his care and science-directed art, impregnation of the 

 grape in a vinery very often fails. The Tokay is one 

 that sets with difficulty, but Mr. D. Wright of 

 Greenland, near Paisley, says the difficulty is over- 

 come if, before the vines come into flower, they are 

 kept in a temperature of from 70 to 75 degrees ; and 

 on the first opening of the flower, gradually lowering 

 the temperature to 60 or 65 degrees, the air is then 

 less moist, and they set freely, and as well as the 

 Hamburgh and Other free-setting kinds. (Gard. 

 Mag. vi. 602.) 



A more mechanical mode of effecting the impreg- 

 nation, however, is often necessary ; for, to quote the 

 words of Mr. J. Craig, gardener at Howsham, near 

 York— 



On close inspection, when the blossoms are fully 

 expanded, it will be obvious to every observer who is 

 acquainted with the parts of fructification, that the 

 main cause of their abortiveness is a defect in the 

 filament and not in the anther, as supposed by many. 

 It will be found that the filaments are very small and 

 jecurved, so as to render it almost impossible for the 

 anthers to come into contact with the stigma of the 

 •same blossom. There is a sufficient quantity of 

 pollen on the anther for the fecundation of the 

 stigma ; but so awkwardly is the anther situated, 

 that in very few instances can the pollen perform its 

 function on the stigma without the assistance of art. 



