THE HORSEMAN'S MANUAL, 49 



of the outward leg, to keep him up to the hand, and pre- 

 vent him from taking too long a side step to his left. 



The same instructions apply to the right pass, with this 

 exception, — the right rein bends and leads, and the right 

 leg keeps him up to the hand, as well as prevents him 

 taking too long a side step to the right. 



Let the rider bear in mind, that it is the outward leg 

 that keeps the horse up to the hand in working the 

 shoulder-in, and the inward one in the passage. 



To work the left shoulder-in and left pass, the aids 

 must be reversed. It is necessary to add, that the bend to 

 either hand should be very slight, that is, the rider must 

 not attempt to pull the horse's head round to his own 

 knee, for that will cripple him ; but if, when sitting square 

 to the front and upright in the saddle, he can just see the 

 horse's inward eye, the bend is sufficient. 



Lesson XL 



When the horse has been duly prepared by the practice 

 of the previous lessons, it will be necessary to require 

 something further from him in his canter. A military 

 horse is not supposed to be completely formed until he 

 can canter with ease in a small circle ; and can, from that 

 pace, turn to the right or left on a straight line. 



The lesson of the circle should be commenced at a walk. 

 I would recommend the rider to practise this a little every 

 day, after the horse begins to understand and answer the 

 aids of the hand and leg. 



The circle should at first be large, that is, from fifteen 

 to twenty yards in diameter; and as the horse is confirmed 

 in his balance, and the rider in his seat, the circle should 

 be gradually diminished. The horse should be made to 

 move on it for some days at a walk, yielding to the in- 

 ward rein, but well supported with the outward leg and 



c 



