42 COMPENDIUM OF GEOGRAPHY AND TRAVEL 



ally is the antelopean buffalo of Celebes (Aiioa dejjressl- 

 cornis). This interesting animal, which has only 

 recently been obtained by Professor Steere's expedition, 

 is confined to the island of INIindoro. There are 

 no tapirs, rhinoceroses, or elephants. Even the small 

 rodents are very scarce, there being only five squirrels, 

 one flying squirrel, a porcupine, and two or three of the 

 rat tribe. The flying mammals, on the other hand, are 

 numerous, there being nearly thirty species of bats, many 

 of which are peculiar. Some half-dozen insectivora only 

 are known — the " flying lemur " (Galeopithecus), two or 

 three shrews, and the curious squirrel-like Tupaia. The 

 Edentata are represented by a Manis, which only occurs 

 in Palawan. 



Altogether, although a few more may yet remain to 

 be discovered, there are only twenty-three terrestrial 

 mammals known to inhabit the Philippines, and of these 

 several are confined to the island of Palawan, which, as 

 has already been stated, cannot be said, geographically 

 speaking, to form a portion of the Philippine Archipelago. 

 Java has nearly 100 mammals, of which more than half 

 are terrestrial, and it is therefore remarkable that the 

 Philippines with a larger area should have so few. 



The birds show many peculiarities and deficiencies 

 when compared with those of the great islands of western 

 Malaysia. To the revised list published by Captain 

 Wardlaw Eamsay in the appendix to the Marquis of 

 Tweeddale's " Ornithological Works," Professor Steere has 

 added 53 new species, bringing the total number of 

 land birds to 303. And although many of these are 

 subspecies, or species only slightly differentiated by more 

 or less long-continued separation in different islands, the 

 number is large as compared with the 270 odd species 

 known from the much better explored island of Java. 



