BORNEO 2G5 



who are almost the sole consumers. It has been tniuul 

 better to make it a private monopoly than to retain it in 

 the hands of the Government. There is also a poll-tax, 

 from which the reserve forces are exempt. The other 

 chief returns are from mining royalties, customs, excise, 

 etc. The revenue for 1890 was $413,112, and the 

 expenditure $362,778. 



The tribes and peoples inhabiting Sarawak are various. 

 The Malays proper abound most at the capital, Kuching, 

 with a few settled on the banks of almost every river 

 and creek. The Chinese are also chiefly settled at 

 Kuching, and at the gold mines up the river. Others 

 are at the Marup mines on the Batang Lupar, and they 

 are found as petty traders everywhere. The " Land 

 Dyaks " occupy Lundu and the interior of the Sarawak 

 and Sadong river-basins, while the " Sea Dyaks " inhabit 

 the country eastward. The Milanaus are settled at the 

 mouths of the Eejang, Bintulu, and several of the smaller 

 rivers. Several tattooed tribes known as Kanowits, 

 Pakitans, Pengs, and Punans live inland in the Piejang 

 and Bintulu districts, and beyond them are the Kayans, 

 who have been already alluded to. The population oi 

 Sarawak can only be roughly estimated, for some little 

 portion of the country is still unknown, but it is probably 

 between 350,000 and 400,000. 



There is both a Church of England and Ponian 

 Catholic Mission in Sarawak. The Episcopal See of 

 " Singapore, Labuan, and Sarawak " comprises all the 

 Straits settlements, as well as the protected States of 

 Borneo, and there were in 1892 twelve English mis- 

 sionaries in the Piaja's territory, besides Chinese. Large 

 boys' and girls' schools are established at Kuching, and 

 religious and lay instruction is afforded at all the mission 

 stations. Many churches and chapels are already buill. 



