CELEBES 283 



The average annual rainfall of Makassar is 12S inches, 

 and that of Menaclo 107 inches. 



5. Fauna and Flora. 



The botany of Celebes is not yet well knoAvn. Eecent 

 collections from the northern peninsula indicate a con- 

 siderable affinity with the Plnlippine group, and many of 

 the coast plants are identical with those of the adjacent 

 islands, but it is probable from what is known of the 

 Hora that it is distinct and peculiar. Of its zoology we 

 have much more knowledge, and we find that its animals 

 — considering the central position of the island — are 

 wonderfully peculiar. 



Taking first its mammalia, we find that Celebes differs 

 broadly from Borneo and Sumatra in having no tailed 

 monkeys, no insectivora, no feline or canine animals, no 

 elephant, rhinoceros, or tapir. It has only five large, 

 and eleven or twelve small, terrestrial quadrupeds. The 

 former are — (1) A large black tailless baboon or ape ; 

 (2) a deer ; (3) a remarkable small wild buffalo, resembling 

 an antelope (Anoa depressicornis) ; (4) a wild pig ; (5) the 

 babirusa or " horned pig." The smaller animals are — 

 the tarsier (one of the lemurs) ; a civet - cat ; five 

 squirrels ; two rats ; and two kinds of cuscus, a mar- 

 supial opossum-like creature. These animals may be 

 divided into three groups. Some, as the deer, the civet, 

 and the tarsier, are identical with species of Borneo and 

 the western islands ; and, as all are kept as domestic 

 pets by the Malays, they may have been introduced, and 

 have escaped from captivity. Others, as the wild pig, 

 the squirrels, and the rats, are peculiar species, but are 

 allied to those of Borneo and Java, and thus indicate a 

 more distant period of immigration. Others again, as 



