oOO COMPENDIUM OF GEOGRAniY AND TRAVEL 



10 or 12 feet high, which is said to be of Portuguese 

 construction. The country is in many places compara- 

 tively bare of vegetation ; it is of granitic formation, 

 and gold is widely distributed, although as yet no very 

 rich quartz has been found. The natives of Pogoyama 

 and Pagoat, westward of Gorontalo, pay tribute to 

 the Dutch in gold dust. 



8. Trade and Products. 



The total value of the exports from Celebes in 1890 

 is officially stated at £564,058. This includes Sumbawa, 

 but the trade of this island is of very little importance. 

 By far the most valuable product is coffee, of which 

 4110 tons were exported, valued at over £300,000. 

 Of this the Menado district yields about one-eighth only. 

 In the Makassar district the Government have no planta- 

 tions, the industry being entirely in private hands, but of 

 the Menado crop about three-fifths belongs to the State. 

 The coffee of Minahasa is considered to be the best- 

 tiavoured in the w^orld, and is chiefly sent to Piussia. 



The chief exports of Southern Celebes after coffee are 

 dammar (£53,000) and tripang (£40,000), this latter 

 Chinese edible being a special product of the surrounding 

 seas, as is tortoiseshell (£12,000), no other part of the 

 archipelago producing anything like the quantity. Nut- 

 megs are also grown largely, the export being valued at 

 nearly £13,000, an amount which is exceeded only by 

 Banda and the west coast of Sumatra. The exports of 

 Northern Celebes apart from coffee differ a good deal 

 from those of the Makassar district, the most important 

 being copal (£2 3,0 0), rattan (£1 5 ,0 0), tobacco (£8 000), 

 and nutmegs and copra (each alwut £10,000). The 

 vanilla orchid is grown in small quantities, and cacao 



