43G 



OPERATIONS ON THE DIGESTIVE APPARATUS. 



Method of Hannon. — The modus 

 operandi here indicated does not vary 

 from that of Mangot, except in being 

 modified by the use of the quilled su- 

 ture, as before described, instead of 

 employing the transversal pins of Man- 

 got. 



Method of Mignon. — This is a com- 

 plex mode, consisting of a combination 

 of the ligature, the clamp and the sutiu'e. 

 Like Mangot, he passes the skin through 

 a plate of lead, attaches perforated clamps 

 on the fjrotruding sac below it, and pass- 

 es the stitches or sutures through the 

 jDerforations in the clamps. 



Method of Benard. — This is strictly 

 speaking, the application of the crossed 

 suture, a stitch exactly resembling that 

 of harness and shoemakers in their re- 

 spective trades. In making it, a pecuhar 

 forceps is used, which is appHed like a 

 clamp, and serves not only to keep the 

 sac closed and secured, but also to pre- 

 vent the return of the intestines into its 

 cavity, and to assist in guiding the two 

 needles with which the suture is made. 

 Its branches are at one end articulated 

 together, and also at the other in order 

 to fit into handles. It is twenty-two cen- 

 timeters in length, without including the 

 handles ; two centimeters in height, and 

 one and a half in thickness. The branch- 

 es are brought together tightly by a spe- 

 cial screw arrangement near the handles, 

 and each has a number of holes, placed 

 regularly, one centimeter apart, and uni- 

 ted by a groove. Two sti-ong straight 

 needles and strong waxed thread are re- 

 quired. In operating, the hernia being 

 first reduced, the skin is well stretched fig. 392.- 











-Nippers of Benard. 



