556 



OPERATIONS ON THE GENITO-UEINARY APPARATUS. 



Fig. 467.— Catheter. 



tained, but they are not in as general use as the simpler and 

 cheaper kind above described. India-rubber instruments, more 

 or less pliable, constructed on the same general plan, are also 

 made. 



In solipeds, urethral catheterism can be performed either when 

 the animal is standing or in the recumbent position. In the first 

 case he is kept quiet by the application of a twitch on one lij) and 

 of the hobbles on his hind legs. This done, the first step is to 

 secure control of the penis by drawing it out of the sheath, which 

 must first have been thoroughly cleaned and washed to remove 

 all the sebaceous secretion which by its greasy consistency renders 

 this step of the operation quite a difiiciilt one, many animals 

 resisting the attempt to accomplish this with all their force. But 

 by obtaining and retaining a firm hold of the penis above the 

 glans, and drawing upon it slowly, firmly and steadily, the resist- 

 ance of the animal may be at length overcome, and the organ 

 brought into full view. The operator then, guided by the little 

 protrusion of the urethral canal, in the middle and a little toward 

 the lower border of the glans, carefully introduces the instru- 

 ment, which should be freely lubricated with oil or vaseline, 

 pushes it slowly toward the ischial arch. When the instrimient 



