ANATOMY OF THE FOOT. 



583 



parts, and thii'dly, a higlily developed sensibility resulting from 

 the high organization of its tegumentary membrane. — Bouley. 



DISEASES AND DEFECTUOSITIES OF THE FOOT IN SOLIPEDS. 



Of all the domestic quadrupeds, the horse is the most exposed 

 to diseases of the foot, which are more or less frequent in him 

 according to the work he is subjected to, the places he lives in, 

 and the nature of the ground upon which he travels. As rare as 

 are those accidents ia farm horses, so common are they among 

 horses in cities, of heavy draught, and also army horses ; in all, in 

 fact which travel continually on hard, j^aved and stony roads, and 

 especially in large cities, where all those injuries can but be the 

 result of their constant work on stone pavements, always so rough 

 and shppery. If to these conditions are added the very numerous 

 accidents resulting from bad shoeing, so badly carried on, one will 

 be less stu'prised to see the foot becoming deformed and altered 

 in different ways, deteriorated, and preserving with difficulty, and 

 for a short time, its state of integrity, and becoming the seat of 

 numerous affections. 



We shall distinguish the diseases proper and the vices of 

 conformation of the foot. The former are generally sufficiently 

 serious to merit special description. Among them some are su- 

 perficial, as the false quarters, uncomplicated cracks, or solution 

 of continuity, thrushes, canker; others of deeper interest, specially 

 those of the keratogenous apparatus, such as laminitis, with its 

 complications and sequelae, keraphylocele, seedy toe, and sep)aration 

 of the wall, which may extend as far as entire sloughing of the 

 hoof ; accidents then due to the suppuration accompanying several 

 diseases of the foot. Some maladies are specially the effects of 

 wounds, of contusions such as overreaching, quittor, bruised sole, 

 bruised heels, corns, punctured wounds; others are results of 

 shoeing, pricked, tight shoe, burned sole; others are deep alto- 

 gether, such as bionions, navicular disease, and, lastly, fracture of 

 the OS 2)edis, or of the navicidar bone. 



VICES OF CONFORMATION. 



Among the vices of conformation some are serious, as contrac- 

 tion of the heels, flat foot, pumiced foot, club foot, crooked foot, 

 rammy foot, and, lastly, the /c»o« with bad horn. 



