DISEASES. 629 



heat ; by thus destroyiag a portion of the hoof and the soft tissues 

 one will avoid the excessive pressure at the coronary band ; this 

 may also be prevented by the thinning down of the wall with the 

 sage knife ; but one must be careful not to remove too soon the 

 portions of horn which may be detached. 



When the calking takes place at the heel, it is good — so as to 

 prevent other complications — to pare the foot down, especially at 

 the heel, to remove the divided hoof and transform the wound to 

 a simple one which can be dressed, as already stated, or with 

 digestive ointment secured by several turns of a roller. 



"WTien there are wounds of the teguments, it sometimes hap- 

 pens, if the immediate union has not been obtained, that the por- 

 tion of skin forming the inferior edge of the wound turns down 

 and that the granulations protmde, tending to form a kind of 

 fungoid growth. Chabert says that these must be cut off and 

 dressed with oakum soaked in alcohol. 



Calking at the hind feet being the most severe, and those 

 which are followed by the most serious complications, on account 

 of the urine and droppings of the animal, which impregnate the 

 wound, one can never be too particular in keeping them clean and 

 dressing them well. When they end in cartilagious quittor, they 

 must be treated as that disease usually is. 



As to the means of prevention, they consist in not placing the 

 horses too close to each other in stables, fairs, etc., in not forcing 

 them too much in their gait, in shoeing properly those which 

 forge or interfere, and in placing or riding them in such a way as 

 to avoid the possibility of then- wounding each other. 



Punctured Wound of the Foot. 



Synonyms. — Naglebritt (German) — Nail in the foot (English) — 

 Clou de rue (French). — In veterinary science this designation has 

 been given to a punctured wound, often with laceration, some- 

 times with contusions, either at the sole or frog of the foot of the 

 monodactyles, and produced by sharp or cutting bodies, most 

 commonly nails, upon which the animal steps. The form of these 

 bodies, the direction they take, the force with which they pene- 

 trate, and the part of the sole they enter, give rise to various 

 lesions of varying gravity as they are older or as the injured part 

 enjoys a greater sensibility. 



Etiology. — Nails, stumps of nails, are most often those which 



