762 



DISEASES OF THE WITHEKS. 



This band is specially liable to attacks of necrosis. 4tli. The su- 

 perior portion of the anterior small serratus muscle, wliicb is 

 formed by a broad aponeui'osis, attached to the superior extrem- 

 ity of the spinous processes of the vertebrae (Fig. 559). 5th. The 



Pig. 560.— 5th Layer of the Withers, 

 pi.— Lamellar portion of the cervical ligament, pf.— Funicular portion of the same, 

 ac— Superior cervical artery, te.— Transversal spinous of the neck, bs.— Superior 

 branch of the spinalis, bl.— Inferior branch of the same muscle, ic— Common inter- 

 costal, ad.— Dorsal artery, gd.— Great serratus. si.— Inferior scalenus, it — Inter- 

 transversalis muscle. 



anterior portion of the iUo-spmalis muscle (Fig. 560). The 6th 

 and the deepest of these planes, resting on the faces of the long 

 spinous processes of the vertebrJB, is formed by the trayisverse 

 spinal muscle of the back. (Fig. 561). To these are to be added 

 the posterior extremities of some of the muscles of the neck, 

 covered by the internal face of the scapula, the ramification of 

 the large blood vessels, branches of the anterior aorta, and the 

 dorsal and superior cervical artery with the spinal nerves which 

 are distributed in that portion of the body. If we majD all this 

 distinctly in our minds, we shall have the material for forming an 

 idea of the structure of the withers, and the intricate and inter- 

 estiug arrangement and disposition of its many parts, with their 

 relation to the ailments which attack them. This will be facilitated 

 by an inspection of the illustration (Fig. 562), representing a 

 transverse section of the entire region involved. The drawing 

 exhibits the obliquity of the direction of the various muscular 

 layers, and demonstrates the tendency of the purulent gatherings, 

 by gravitating and collecting between them, to contribute to the 



