162 MANUAL OF EQUINE MEDICINE. 



lungs, the prognosis must be very guarded, as it is far more 

 frequently attended with a fatal result than is the single 

 form. 



Secondary pneumonia (ceteris paribus) is more serious 

 than inflammation of the lungs occurring as a primary 

 affection. 



Treatment. — In the treatment of pneumonia, concerning 

 which there is so much divergence of opinion, it is above 

 all things necessary to consider the form of pulmonary in- 

 flammation in each individual case ; the constitution of our 

 patient ; and, finally, the condition, work, diet, and hygienic 

 surroundings under which he has been placed. The animal 

 should be placed in a well-ventilated, but not draughty, loose 

 box. This is one of the first essentials in the treatment of 

 pneumonia, as impure air, containing organic germs, is apt 

 to cause the inflammation to take on a suppurative form. 

 If possible, the temperature of the box should be kept at 

 70° to 75° F. 



The body should be clothed with rugs, and should be 

 gently rubbed down occasionally with wisps of hay. 



Bleeding should be practised only under exceptional 

 circumstances. For example, in treating heavy draught 

 horses kept in very high condition, as many of the agri- 

 cultural and dray horses are, and also plethoric horses of 

 other breeds, when the dyspnoaa, or difficulty of breathing, 

 is great, and the fever very high, it is our custom to 

 remove from four to six quarts of blood. Under no cir- 

 cumstances do we repeat the operation. 



Though practised formerly, and at the present day by 

 some in almost all cases of acute lobar pneumonia, bleeding 

 is not only of no advantage in many cases, but even positively 

 harmful, and delays the convalescence of the horse, even 

 though it may seem to relieve the dyspnoea for a time. In 

 secondary pneumonia hleeding should never he iwadised. 



