ASTHMA AND BROKEN WIND. 171 



walls of the small bronchi, hypertrophy of the mucous 

 membrane of the larger tubes, and pallor of the pulmonary 

 parenchyma. 



Vesicular emphysema consists in permanent dilatation 

 and enlargement of the infundibula and air-vesicles in 

 larger or smaller areas of the lungs. As the process 

 continues, communications are established between the 

 adjacent groups of air-vesicles by atrophy and degeneration 

 of their walls. 



In this form of emphysema little vesicles containing air 

 may be seen beneath the surface of the serous covering of 

 the lung. 



Interlobular em^jhijsema is due to distension with air of 

 the connective-tissue between the separate vesicles and the 

 air-tubes. 



In most cases of broken wind the heart, especially the 

 right side, is hypertrophied and dilated, and is heavier and 

 more bulky than normally. 



The stomach is much dilated, and its walls stretched, and 

 in old-standing cases similar changes may sometimes be 

 found in the intestinal tract. 



Treatment. — Above all things, it is essential that the 

 diet should be carefully attended to. The food should be 

 nutritious and digestible, and in moderate quantity, and the 

 water-supply should be well regulated. The symptoms of 

 broken wind may be ameliorated by all remedies which 

 increase the general condition and improve the digestive 

 powers. 



)l Arsenic, in the form of Fo wler's solution , which may be 

 given in the drinking-water, is especially recommended. 

 Nux vomica and vegetable bitters may be given in addi- 

 tion. 



The arsenic may at first be given in moderate doses 

 twice daily for two or three weeks, and then once a day for 



