302 MANUAL OF EQUINE MEDICINE. 



and the venous sinuses and vessels are engorged. The 

 capillaries of the pia mater are full of blood, and the brain- 

 substance, when cut into, presents a large number of red 

 spots, and is redder than natural. 



Treatment. — First remove the collar to permit of the 

 return of the blood to the heart, and then apply cold 

 water to the head. 



AVhen the affection depends upon gastric disturbance, 

 this must be treated as already directed {vide * Diseases of 

 the Stomach '). 



In those instances where the neck is peculiarly shaped, 

 it may be necessary to use a breast-strap instead of a 

 collar. 



CEREBRAL ANiEMIA.— Anaemia of the brain of the 

 horse may depend upon general anaemia, feeble action of the 

 heart, or upon local interference with the blood-supply from 

 intra-cranial obstruction. The brain and its membranes 

 become paler than natural, and occlusion of some of the 

 small vessels may be observed. When dependent on 

 general anaemia, the symptoms are early exhaustion, general 

 pallor of the visible mucous membranes, and dilated 

 pupils. 



In partial anaemia the symptoms vary in accordance with 

 the nature of the cause. 



The Treatment of anaemia of the brain, when due to 

 general anaemia, consists in attention to the hygienic condi- 

 tions, good nutritious diet, and the administration of iron 

 and vegetable tonics. 



CEREBRAL EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS. 



Cerebral embolism denotes a plugging of one of the 

 arteries of the brain by a small vegetation or fragment of 

 fibrin detached from the heart or aorta, and swept off into 



