THE JAVA MAN-APE 



497 



will become evident after the examination of certain 

 fossil remains which actually have been discovered 

 (Fig. 142). 



The Java Man-Ape. — Between the years 1891 and 

 1894 the somewhat scattered and incomplete fossil re- 

 mains of a man-like creature, the Java man-ape (Pithe- 

 canthropus), were discovered in Java, and aroused a 



Fig. 142 — Reconstruction of Prehistoric Man. Left, Java Man- 

 Ape, Pithecanthropv^ erectus; center, Neanderthal man, and, right, 

 Cro-Magnon man modelled on the restored skulls by Professor J. H. 

 McGregor. The second and third heads are modelled on nearly 

 complete skulls. Of the first head only the upper part of the 

 cranium and two teeth were found. Photographed from originals in 

 American Museum of Natural History, New York. 



high degree of interest as well as controversy in both 

 popular and scientific circles. From the position of the 

 geological formation, and the nature of the accompany- 

 ing fossils, it is believed that the age of this species is 

 not less than 500,000 years. It is also reasonably cer- 

 tain that the form and structure of the body, and its 

 mode of locomotion were essentially human, while the 

 skull and the size and shape of the brain are as charac- 

 teristic of the higher apes as of man. The size of the 

 brain of the highest apes is six hundred cubic centimeters, 



