EXPLANATION OF PLATE 56. 9l5 



few small scales of the bark remain adhering to the 

 Sandstone. Scale one-fourth. (Original.) 



Fig. 7. Portion of the trunk of Favularia, one-fourth 

 nat. size. This plant is distinguished by the tessel- 

 lated appearance of the scales, which cover the space 

 between each fluting of the Bark. In the centre of 

 the area of each scale is a club-shaped scar, which 

 gave origin to a leaf; it was a dicotyledonous plant, 

 probably allied to Sigillaria ; and its stem must 

 have been covered with a mass of densely imbricated 

 foliage. In the Genus Sigillaria the leaves were 

 more distant from one another. The Rows of scars 

 are separated by a groove. Fig. 7. b. ; their dispo- 

 sition in the vertical direction is indicated by the 

 line a. (Lindley, Foss. Fl. PI. 73.) 



Fig. 8. Reduced from Lindley and Button's figure (PL 

 31) of the central portion of a Stigmaria ficoides^ 

 from Shale in the roof of the Jarrow colliery near 

 Newcastle. We have here a view of the inferior 

 surface of this curious plant. Its dome-shaped 

 hollow central trunk, or stem, was three feet in 

 diameter, and fitted to sustain horizontally in a 

 floating position the numerous long branches by 

 which it was surrounded ; these divide into two, at 

 a certain distance from the Trunk. When perfect^ 

 and floating in water, its appearance must have 

 resembled the form of an Asterias. On the two 

 longest branches, a. h, is seen the longitudinal de- 

 pression, which is usually adjacent to the small 

 internal woody axis of these branches, and from its 

 position in this fossil, we learn that the place of 

 this depression was on the inferior surface of each 

 branch. Scale one-twenty-fourth. (See V. I. p. 

 476.) 



