II. THE HIPPOCRATICS 



GREEK MEDICINE, with surgery, 

 was an art, the healing art, la plkt) 

 rkxvrj. Through its ministrations 

 men and women, the highest order of living 

 beings, were healed of their wounds or, when 

 sick, restored to health. Such was medicine 

 in its broad Hippocratic foundations, which 

 consciously rested upon still more ancient 

 medical experience. But since the doctors 

 were thinking men and also Greeks, they 

 sought to know the causes of sickness; some 

 of them speculated on the nature of man and 

 invented hypotheses of disease. So medicine 

 inclined to theory, besides relying on the re- 

 sults of observation of the sick; it tended to 

 become a science as well as an art. Members 

 of the healing craft studied anatomy and 

 physiology (in the modern sense), which are 

 biological sciences. Indeed so far as medicine 

 became science as well as art, it falls within 

 the province of biology. 



Greek medicine and natural philosophy or 



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