LOCAL SYMPTOMS. 19 



formation of new blood-vessels, a process which does not take 

 place till the inflammation is much advanced. Staining of the 

 tissues with transuded hsematine may occur soon after stasis 

 has been established. 



The veterinary practitioner should always carefully distinguish 

 between genuine inflammatory redness and that which closely 

 resembles it in the dead body, namely, hypostatic redness, which 

 depends on mechanical causes or the mode in which death has 

 been produced. 



Eedness existing only in a depending part of the body, such 

 as the side upon which an animal has lain since its death, with- 

 out thickening of the part, must never be looked upon as 

 evidence of the inflammatory condition. 



The presence or absence of redness is not of itself a proof of 

 the presence or absence of inflammation. Eedness exists with- 

 out inflammation : thus we find the visible mucous membranes 

 red and injected in many diseases, but no one for a moment 

 supposes that these membranes are inflamed. On the other 

 hand, absence of redness is no proof that inflammation does not 

 exist, for some inflammations, as those of the cornea, of the 

 arachnoid membrane, and of articular cartilage, are attended 

 with no redness, but rather with opacity, and it is only in con- 

 junction with other indications that redness can be regarded as 

 a symptom of inflammation. 



Pain. — The pain of inflammation varies much in degree and in 

 kind, according to its cause, intensity, and seat. The pain of 

 laminitis, of punctured foot, of open joint, or of inflammation 

 of any unyielding fibrous or bony texture, amounts very often to 

 extreme agony. The pain of inflamed serous membrane, more 

 especially of inflamed pleura, is of a sharp, darting kind, giving rise 

 to colicky symptoms. In traumatic peritonitis, on the contrary, 

 although the pain may be excessive, the animal does not always 

 exhibit it, owing to the prostration which is present. The pain of 

 inflamed mucous membrane is dull, or simply an uneasiness not 

 amounting to actual pain. But pain is not a constant symptom 

 of inflammation, and of inflammation without it the following 

 may be enumerated : — Insidious and indolent forms of scrofulous 

 inflammation, especially in horned cattle, in which extensive 

 disorganizations are often produced without the animal ever 

 having manifested any signs of pain; inflammation of a para- 



