CAPPED HOCK. 313 



from the externus ; but that it was quite possible for it to fall to 

 the inside. He said that a groove was formed for it on the side 

 of the bone, and that the patient regained his soundness. 



This is a rare form of injury. I have recently seen two cases 

 of it, arising from kicking, the animals striking the points of the 

 calces violently, causing inflammation of the bursse, or synovial 

 capioed liock. Although in one case the displacement was evi- 

 dent very shortly after the infliction of the injury, yet in 

 neither instance was there any tearing of the tendons from 

 their attachments, but simply an elongation and loss of co- 

 hesion, from inflammation in the ligamentous bands which bind 

 them to the os calcis, as well as from pressure of the increased 

 synovial secretion, allowing the tendons to slip outwards when- 

 ever the foot was elevated. 



The treatment consists in throwing the part into a state of 

 repose by the application of the high-heeled shoe, cold water to 

 the seat of injury, and when the inflammation is reduced, blister 

 or firing by pyro-puncture. 



The tendo-achilles may be torn from its attachment to the os 

 calcis ; as a rule this is accompanied by fracture or detachment 

 of the epiphysis, and occurs in young animals before the ex- 

 tremity has become permanently united to the body of the bone. 



INJURIES TO GASTROCNEMII MUSCLES. 



Injuries to the gastrocnemii muscles or to their tendons are 

 known by the animal presenting symptoms the reverse of those 

 manifested when the flexor metatarsi is injured, as in the case 

 illustrated at page 297. In injuries to the gastrocnemii, the 

 foot is elevated from the ground, as in stringhalt, the leg being 

 suddenly brought upward and I'orward at each step. When 

 the animal is standing still there will bo knuckling over at the 

 fetlock-joint, owing to the loss of power in the gastrocnemii. 

 which act during repose as extensors of the hock. Division of 

 the tendo-achilles is called " ham-strung ; and when such an 

 injury is inflicted, the fetlock is brought to the ground, and 

 the limb is powerless. I have, however, seen such cases do well, 

 when the leg has been fastened on to a long stiff splint, extend- 

 ing from the foot to the stifle in front of the limb, and kept in 

 this position by proper bandages. 



