554 DISEASES OF THE EYES. 



by the first intention ; whereas if the puncture be made directly 

 through the substance of the cornea, whether its direction be 

 perpendicular or horizontal, the sides of the wound will be pushed 

 apart when the chamber begins to fill, and the healing process 

 retarded. 



I have not seen special directions for the operation by any 

 Indian veterinary surgeon ; but having performed the operation 

 of puncturing the cornea for dropsy of the humours in the dog, I 

 feel I am in a position to give preference to the method just de- 

 scribed. Two kinds of worms have been found in the eye — the 

 filaria oculi or filaria equi, and the strongylus (strongylus equinus) 

 — and the same kinds of worms are also found in the intestines, 

 the areolar tissue of the loins — supposed to produce the disease 

 called kummirree — and in the blood-vessels. The filarise are 

 small white parasites, about an inch in length, of an attenuated 

 and cylindrical form, having a mouth and anus, also an intestinal 

 canal suspended in a cavity of the body, and, like other round 

 worms, the sexes are distinct. 



These worms find their w^ay into the animal's body along with 

 the water he drinks, either as fully developed parasites, or as ova 

 (eggs). Both the parasites and their eggs are abundantly found 

 in the stagnant waters of India. 



FUNGUS H.EMATODES. 



Fungus hrematodes consists of a dark-coloured vascular 

 tumour, growing within the cavity of tlie orbit, appearing at 

 first as a small red spot at the posterior part of the eye ; becom- 

 ing larger, it involves the eye and the surrounding orbital bones. 

 The tumour is malignant in its nature, being a very vascular 

 medullary cancer ; so vascular, or so infiltrated with blood, that 

 it looks like a blood-clot ; is of rapid growth, and if not entirely 

 removed by excision at a very early stage, admits of no cure. 



This form of cancer is most commonly met with in horned 

 cattle ; but I have repeatedly seen it in the horse. To remove it 

 with any probability of success, the operation must be performed 

 early ; everything within the orbit must be included in the opera- 

 tion, and the surface cauterised with the hot iron, not only to 

 restrain the haemorrhage, but to destroy any chance remains of the 

 mahgnant gru^vth. If the neighbouring glands are at all enlarged, 



