CHAPTEE XXXV. 



DISEASES OF THE BLADDER, EXTERNAL ORGANS OF 

 URINATION, ETC. 



DISEASES OF THE BLADDER, VAGINA, VESICUL^ SEMINALIS, MAMMARY 

 GLAND, ETC. — CYSTIC CALCULI IN THE HORSE, OX, SHEEP, AND 



DOG LITHOTOMY LITHOTRIPSY LITHOTRITY URETHRAL AND 



PREPUTIAL CALCULI SABULOUS MATTER URETHRITIS PHY- 



MOSIS — PARAPHYMOSIS — AMPUTATION OF THE PENIS — VAGINITIS 

 LEUCORRHOEA — MAMMITIS. 



A CONDITION of the urine in which there is a tendency to a 

 deposit of its solid elements is not unfrequently witnessed in 

 the horse, ox, and sheep; occurring either in the form of an 

 amorphous impalpable powder, sediment, or sabulous deposit ; in 

 a crystalline form, gravel, or as a hard concretion, calculus, or 

 stone. 



In my own experience, the sabulous deposit is most frequently 

 met with in mares, the hard calculus in the stallion and f^^eldin^. 

 The gravelly form in oxen and sheep, as incrustations on ■ the 

 mucous membrane of the bladder and urethra, giving rise to sup- 

 pression of urine, violent irritation of the bladder, and frequently 

 causing the death of the animal. 



In the human being it is found that the formation of calcul- 

 ous concretions depends upon various conditions of the body, or 

 diathesis, the most remarkable of which are — 1st. The lithic or 

 uric acid diathesis ; 2d. The phosphatic diathesis ; and Sd. The 

 oxalic diathesis. In the lower animals, the dog excepted, the 

 conditions of urine leading to the deposition of solids in the 

 bladder are limited to two, namely, the presence of the carbonate 

 of lime, or of the ammonio-phosphate of magnesia. 



In the horse and ox, the carbonate of lime calculus is that 

 generally found ; in the sheep and pig, the ammonio-magLetiia 

 phosphate ; and in the dog, the uric acid calculus. 



