VARIOLA OVINiE. 215 



teimination of the incubative stage, are recognisable "by the 

 existence of papulae or nodules deeply imbedded in the dermis, 

 having a florid red aspect. These show a preference for some parts 

 of the integument, and are usually to be first detected on the 

 inner side of the arms and thighs, and on the cheeks and lips, 

 where the animal has a hairy and not a woolly covering. Other 

 portions of the body are often simultaneously attacked, as the 

 prepuce, labia, anus, and under surface of the tail — parts which 

 are perfectly nude." — (Simonds.) 



In some cases there will be a diffused redness of the skin, in 

 patches of various sizes, prior to the formation of the papulae- 

 Professor Simonds says that in inoculated cases this is so well 

 marked that it constitutes a disease of the skin, analogous to 

 roseola variolosa of the human subject, and establishes another 

 similarity between these maladies. 



During the papular stage the skin has a flea-bitten appearance, 

 the eruption being at first in the form of small red points ; these 

 gradually enlarge, often uniting one with another. Professor 

 Simonds considers that three days may be regarded as the period 

 of papulation, and that it is generally longer in confluent than 

 in the distinct form of the disease. The disappearance of the 

 j)apulated eruption, the disease afterwards lying dormant in the 

 system for three weeks and then breaking out, as described by 

 Hutrel d'Arboval, was not witnessed by Professor Simonds. 



Concomitant with the appearance of the rash, febrile symptoms 

 are manifested, the animal becomes dull, with blood-shot eyes, is 

 thirsty in all cases where the eruption is extensive, and the papulae 

 confluent. Where the eruption is distinct the febrile symptoms 

 are much milder. Continental writers state that the outward 

 signs of fever precede the eruption : the experience of Professor 

 Simonds and others in this country does not confirm this, for in 

 all cases seen by Professor Simonds the eruption preceded the 

 constitutional disorder. 



" The red papulte gradually enlarge in size, then become ele- 

 vated and transparent in their centres. The papula is now a 

 vesicle containing a liquid at first transparent and then turbid. 

 Many of the vesicles are very small, and if punctured yield no 

 fluid. The duration of the vesicular stage differs to some degree, 

 and it has been observed that many of the papulae disappear 

 without vesicles being produced. The ovine vesicle is flat on its 



