GLANDERS AND FAECY. 243 



The form of pneumonia seen in glanders is very characteristic, 

 the inflamed part resembling an infiltration, with thrombi in the 

 blood-vessels — gangrenous, emphysematous — of a greenish-black 

 colour, and rapidly decomposing after death. The line of termi- 

 nation or demarcation between the healthy and inflamed lung 

 tissue is often abrupt and very distinct. The tracheal and 

 bronchial mucous membrane is more or less higlily inflamed ; in 

 some instances covered with petechial spots or deeply ulcerated, 

 and thickly covered with an unhealthy discharge, which exhales 

 a gangrenous odour. 



The changes which occur in the lymphatic glands in glan- 

 ders are characteristic. The glands, irritated by the specific 

 poison, become congested and enlarged ; their cellular elements 

 proliferate more or less rapidly, and are mixed with a citron- 

 coloured exudate, which invades the surrounding connective 

 tissue. In a few days the glands become dense and hard to the 

 touch, more or less lumpy on their surface, and those in the 

 submaxillary space fixed to the jaw by the now inflamed and 

 indurated vessels which enter their deeper seated parts. 



CHRONIC GLANDERS. 



Symptoms. — In some instances the disease presents itself in 

 such a mild form that the general health is scarcely affected. There 

 will be a discharge from one or both nostrils, generally from one 

 nostril, and that very often the near (left) one. The submaxillary 

 lymphatic glands are swollen and hard; the hardness and 

 swelling are of a remitting nature, very often varying in size in 

 a short period. For example, a horse may be left at night with 

 scarcely any discoverable swelling, and found in the morning 

 with a hard knot under the jaw, which is both easily seen and 

 felt. The swelling may continue for several days, afterwards 

 slowly disappear, and then reappear as rapidly as before. This 

 condition may exist before any discharge issues from the nose, 

 and a horse so affected is elegantly said to be "jugged." If the 

 nostril of such a horse be examined, it wHl be found to be paler 

 in colour than natural, or perhaps tawny, coppery, and sometimes 

 of a dull leaden hue. The discharge of glanders presents a starchy 

 or glue-like appearance, adheres to the nostrils, where it dries 

 and accumulates, causing the nasal opening of the affected side 

 to appear smaller or more contracted than in health. 



