CHAPTER XXVIL 



CONTAGIOUS DISEASES— continued. 



HOG CHOLEEA— SWIKE FEVER— PNEUMO-ENTERITIS. 



The term swine fever is applied in this country to a contagious 

 and infectious disease of a very fatal nature. The pathology of 

 infectious swine diseases has been profoundly studied on the 

 Continent of Europe and in America, and it has been found that 

 the pneumo-enteritis of Klein, typhoid fever of Budd, hog 

 cholera, blue sickness, measles, erysipelas, and intestinal fever are 

 terms incorrectly applied to what was supposed to be one disease, 

 but which has now been discovered to include three separate, 

 although similar, pathological conditions ; and the researches of 

 Schutz, Loftier, Eggeling, Salmon, and others have brought to 

 light that under these terms there are in reality three diseases, 

 namely — A, Swine plague, also called rouget de pore, angina, 

 petechial fever, &c., characterised by septic gastro-enteritis, 

 haemorrhagic nephritis, with congestion of the spleen, inflamma- 

 tion of the heart, liver, and voluntary muscles, induced by a 

 very small immobile bacillus, stainable by Gram and Weigert's 

 preparations. B. Contagious or infectious pneumonia, pleuro- 

 pneumonia, having a tendency to pulmonary gangrene and 

 caseous products, and arising from an ovoid bacterium. C. Hog 

 cholera, diphtheria, pneumo-enteritis, swine fever, &c., charac- 

 terised by an inflammation and ulceration of the glands, large 

 intestines, enlargement of the mesenteric glands. The ulcera- 

 tions of the glands of the large intestines are situated in the 

 caecum, immediately posterior to the ilio-crecal valve, distin- 

 guished from swine plague by its slower development, its ten- 

 dency to involve the pulmonary organs, and by differences in 



