TUBERCULOSIS. ,327 



phthisical individuals, but also with that of persons suffering 

 from simple bronchitis, and with pulverised cheese, brain, and 

 cinnabar. The result was that miliary tubercles were found in 

 the lung in all cases, and in equal quantity with both phthisical 

 and bronchial sputum. Cheese produced a smaller quantity, 

 pulverised brain still less, and the cinnabar least of all, merely a 

 few whitish tubercles with pigmented centres, with an interstitial 

 deposit of the substance, which had caused no inflammatory 

 reaction ; though the tubercles produced by non-specific matter 

 closely resembled those of tuberculosis, they contained no bacilli, 

 hence they cannot be classified as those of true tuberculosis. 



Tuberculosis is described under three divisions, namely, — l*'^, 

 Tuberculosis of the organs ; 2d, of the serous membranes ; and 3^, 

 of tlie lymphatic glands ; but generally these forms co-exist in 

 the same subject, constituting the so-called " diffuse tuberculosis." 



According to Nocard, it is shown that 40 per cent, of 

 tuberculous animals are affected in both lungs and pleura, 20 

 to 25 per cent, in lungs alone, 15 to 20 per cent, in pleura 

 and peritoneum, the remainder comprising either generalised 

 lesions of all the organs, or lesions localised in the glands, the 

 genital organs, mammiP, tongue, osseous tissue, &c., and that 

 the lymphatic glands proceeding from the organs attacked are 

 always more or less severely affected ; and he makes this impor- 

 tant statement, that in many cases when the animal is slaugh- 

 tered quite at the commencement of the disease tuberculous 

 nodules are only found in the bronchial or mediastinal glands ; 

 and the pulmonary lesion which has served as the entrance gate 

 for the contagion eludes the most careful research, or is only 

 represented by a minute focus of disease much less important 

 than the glandular alterations which it has preceded and caused. 



Bollinger thinks it possible, or rather probable, that intestinal 

 tuberculosis, consecutive to pulmonary phthisis, may be pro- 

 duced by the discharges (sputa) being swallowed and passing 

 into the intestines, mesenteric glands, and liver, without there 

 being generalisation through the blood-stream. 



Symptoms in Cattle. — Tuberculosis is generally slowly de- 

 veloped, and its symptoms are often very obscure, whilst in a 

 few instances its manifestation may be very rapid. In the 

 latter case signs of ill-heahh appear, excited perhaps by partu- 

 rition, a slight cold, indigestion with recurrent tympanites, or 



