IXODIC ANiEMIA — TEXAS FEVEE, ETC. 425 



non-infected territories by the complete isolation of all cattle 

 from infected territories between March 1st and December 1st 

 of each year ; on the proper disinfection of the litter and manure 

 from such cattle during transportation. Furthermore, such 

 cattle can only be transported into uninfected territories for 

 immediate slaughter during the prescribed periods. 



There are further directions in the American Eeport, from 

 which the foregoing has been compiled, without the scope 

 of this work. The author may, however, state that the Eeport, 

 covering 126 pages of closely printed matter, in addition to nine 

 pages of illustrations, is a most valuable one, conducted with 

 great care by Theobald Smith, Ph.B., M.D., and F. L. Kilborne, 

 B.Agr., B.V.S., under the direction of Dr. D. E. Salmon, Chief of 

 the Bureau of Animal Industry, Washington, 1893. 



IXODIC ANiEMIA IN JAMAICA. 



In July last, 1896, I was commissioned to go to Jamaica to 

 study a fatal disease which had prevailed amongst the cattle of 

 that island for the last few years ; and, after careful consider- 

 ation and two months' experience, during which period I 

 examined diseased cattle in all parts of the island, I arrived at 

 the conclusion that I had to deal with Texas fever, of which 

 the following is a short description. 



Cattle enfeebled from any cause seem to form a more favour- 

 able habitat to the ticks, and are more predisposed to the 

 disease than the healthy and strong ; but the healthy and strong 

 have no immunity, as they are frequently attacked, and suc- 

 cumb. I have therefore arrived at the conclusion, after 

 carefully weighing all the facts and circumstances which have 

 been brought before me, both directly and indirectly, that the 

 disease is due to the attacks of ticks, and (with the exception 

 of the Mysore cattle) that no cattle have immunity. Some are 

 but slightly invaded by the ticks ; some, owing to strength of 

 constitution or other causes, seem to throw off the effects with 

 but little appreciable suffering or damage, whilst in others the 

 attack is acute, and terminates fatally in a few days after the 

 first manifestation of the disease ; and I re-assert that, after 

 carefully weighing the evidence, I have arrived at the con- 

 clusion that the disease is, as presented to me, a modified form 

 of Texas fever, now prevailing in other parts of the world 

 besides Jamaica, and that it is carried from place to place by ticks, 



