IXODIC ANiEMIA — TEXAS FEVEK, ETC. 427 



s'o important by the American authors, and stated by them to 

 be present in 33 out of 46 cases, did not present itself except in 

 one doubtful case. The animal (a cow) was suffering from a 

 very prolonged but not severe attack, and had latterly passed 

 red water. I was of opinion, however, that this tinge was due 

 to some injury to or breaking down of the urinary apparatus, as 

 the colour was due to actual (coagulating) blood, and not to the 

 colour of broken-down blood-cells. The information obtained 

 from all who were acquainted with the disease, that red water 

 is not a symptom, would have caused me much surprise had I 

 not known that in Australia red water is only observed after 

 the animal has been travelled. (One of the constituents of the 

 blood absent in healthy urine, viz., albumen, was found in all 

 the specimens of urine examined.) Other signs of Texan 

 fever, such as enlargement of the spleen and of the liver, sero- 

 sanguinous or red watery condition of the fat, &c. about the 

 kidneys, were absent. The spleen had in no instance shown 

 the enlargement described by the American writers, but the 

 liver in some three cases was slightly enlarged, and presented 

 a pale yellow mottled colour, due to bile congestion and 

 fatty degeneration. When cut into, the tissue presented a 

 mottled appearance throughout, and w^as bloodless, whilst the 

 larger blood-vessels discharged a very dark-coloured and thick 

 blood. But whilst this characteristic of acute Texan fever 

 was present in these few cases, the liver itself did not 

 present the three to five pounds enlargement over that of 

 health, as stated to be the case in that disease ; in fact, we did 

 not find one liver to l;)e appreciably increased in weight, Init the 

 bile was generally increased in quantity and mixed with mucus. 

 The appearance of the heart also differed from that descrilied in 

 Texas fever, the petechial spots passing along the intra-ventri- 

 cular groove and near the Imse, extravasation, &c. being absent, 

 but the heart itself was found to be pale and undergoing a 

 retrograde change, as seen in the Texas disease after the sub- 

 sidence of the fever. 



Temperature. — In most cases there was more or less elevation 

 of temperature. In one case it was as low as 101"4° F. ; this 

 was in a very emaciated and debilitated calf. As a rule, how- 

 ever, the temperature ranged from 103-5'^ to 106'8'^ F. 



The appearance of the Blood and Tissues. — Animals that were 

 grazed upon morasses and boggy grounds were upon post 



