750 SPOEADIC DISEASES. 



matory process. Cases now and then occur in which the only 

 symptoms present are suppression of urine, with fever ; but in 

 other instances there are signs of pain manifested by frequent 

 lying down, rolling, sighing, &c. ; whilst in others the seat of 

 pain is pointed at by the animal turning round and endeavour- 

 ing to bite or scratch its loins. In one instance this symptom 

 was very marked, and called forth the observation from the 

 attendant that the horse wanted to bite its near hind leg, 

 which was elevated and brought forward as if for that purpose ; 

 the animal, however, seemed to desire to bite its back, but was 

 unable to do so. Should the suppression — ischuria — be pro- 

 longed, other symptoms, namely, those of blood poisoning — 

 urcemia — arise. The retention of virea in the blood does not 

 affect all animals E|,like. In the dog, insensibility and coma 

 soon occur; but in the horse the effect seems to resemble a 

 moderate alcoholic intoxication ; the eye becomes brilliant, there 

 is partial unconsciousness, but no loss of motor power. In one 

 case, where total suppression continued for five days, no signs 

 of coma or even somnolence were observed ; but the animal 

 became incapable of directing its movements, which were 

 automatic, and from right to left, in which direction it con- 

 tinually moved round the box, and no force could compel it 

 to move in the contrary direction. As the system becomes 

 loaded with urea, the faeces and secretion of the skin emit a 

 strong uriniferous or even ammoniacal odour ; the breath be- 

 comes foetid; the bowels constipated and tympanitic, with 

 frequent vomition in the dog. In the case above mentioned, it 

 was observed that the near (left) side was covered by a continual 

 sweat, which became more and more uriniferous as the disease 

 advanced ; the skin of the opposite side was dry, hard, the coat 

 staring, and on the fourth day the near hind limb was partially 

 paralyzed; and the horse was frightened if it were suddenly 

 touched or approached. In the stallion, retraction of the testicle 

 on the affected side may be present. 



Post mortem appearances. — In the acute form of general 

 nephritis one or both kidneys may be involved ; generally one 

 is more especially affected, being enlarged, of a dark colour, and 

 streaked with patches of congestion. It is easily lacerable, and. 

 if cut with the knife, a deep-coloured fluid flows from the cut 

 surface, which, if examined microscopically, will be found to 



