PARASITIC DISEASE OF THE LUNGS. 805 



Sometimes Uie worms are very numerous in the trachea and 

 bronchial tubes, and not unfrequently one finds them congre- 

 gated together, after the animal's death, in a perfect ball, effec- 

 tually obstructing the windpipe. 



I have watched the movements of the embryos of this para- 

 site under the microscope, and have seen them burst through the 

 walls in which they have been enclosed, and make their escape. 



This parasite has also been found in the air passages of the 

 horse and ass. A similar affection has been observed in the pig, 

 the parasite being called Strongylus suis. In poultry the disease 

 termed the " gapes " is caused by a parasite called Sderostoma 

 syngamus. 



The symptoms in the Calf. — The seat of the irritation is in- 

 dicated by a bronchial cough, " husk or hoose," loss of flesh, a 

 varying degree of constitutional disturbance, and death by suffo- 

 cation if the sufferer be not relieved. If any mucus be coughed 

 up and examined the parasites may be discovered. Bronchial 

 irritation occurring in calves during summer or autumn should 

 always be looked upon with suspicion, and its source thoroughly 

 inquired into. If any calves be already dead, a careful post 

 mortem examination ought to be made, in order that the patho- 

 logical condition of the lungs should be determined. If none 

 are dead, the mucus from the nose should be examined, when 

 in aU probability some of the parasites will be discovered. 



Treatment. — The calves are to be warmly housed if the nights 

 be cold ; the affected animals are upon all occasions to be re- 

 moved from the healthy ; not that the disease is contagious in 

 itself, but that the parasites or their ova, discharged from the 

 sick, are apt to gain access into the bodies of the healthy, and 

 for the same reason the healthy should be removed to fresh 

 pasture and to dry situations, as the fields upon which the 

 disease has prevailed will, for a time at least, be tainted by the 

 parasites and ova. 



Inhalations of chlorine or sulphurous acid are recommended. 

 If this be carefully donie, the sufferers may be kept surrounded 

 by either of these for about fifteen minutes each day, until the 

 disease disappears ; two or three inhalations are generally suffi- 

 cient. If inhalation be objected to, turpentine may be adminis- 

 tered in gruel daily, or, what has succeeded well with me, from 

 ten to twenty minim doses of Scheele's hydrocyanic acid, with 



