EPULIS. 501 



The smaller tumour (Fig. 1) is in the mouth of the sheep ; 

 the larger (Fig, 2), in the cow ; the first is benign, and the latter 

 malignant. 



The two figures in the photo-lithograph show the difference 

 between the benign and malignant forms very distinctly ; the 

 first was smooth on the surface, of slow growth, and seemed to 

 be unattended with pain, but interfered with the process of 

 mastication ; the other ragged, of rapid growth, frequently bleed- 

 ing, and seemingly giving the animal much pain, and was accom- 

 panied by infiltration into the surrounding bones and hard palate 

 of the characteristic cancer matter. 



The benign tumour may be removed with advantage; the 

 operation being modified according to its size and situation. 

 One tooth or more must always be extracted, in order that the 

 proceeding be effectual. After these have been removed, the 

 tumour must be surrounded by an incision made with a strong 

 knife, and if need be, part of the alveolar process is to be taken 

 away by the bone forceps. If the tumour is far back in the 

 mouth, it will be advantageous to divide the cheek, in order to 

 expose the parts fully to view, and to obtain ready access to 

 them. The wound so made will heal very well if properly 

 secured, I have met with epulis in cattle and sheep, but never 

 in the horse. Generally, those in the upper jaw are of rapid 

 and unlimited growth, those in the lower of slow growth and 

 benign nature ; but if not completely removed, they are apt to 

 grow again. 



AFFECTIONS OF THE TONGUE. 

 GLOSSITIS. 



Glossitis, or inflammation of the tongue, when occurring as a 

 primary disorder, is consequent on injuries, scalds, or chemical 

 irritants. The tongue is injured and inflamed by being included 

 in the halter when the " cavil is put in the mouth ;" I have seen 

 it cut in two by such carelessness. The proper way to put the 

 halter in the mouth is to let the tongue go free, but a careless 

 man will include the tongue in the loop, and thus inflict a 

 violent injury. The tongue may be bitten severely by the 

 animal liimself, or wounded by sharp and irregular teeth. Agaia 



