EXOMPHALOS. 599 



sion through the walls of the abdomen, allows the escape of the 

 intestines, and causes the death of the animal. 



In those cases where the tumour is of a globular form, a ligature 

 round its neck is often effectual. Ligatures, clams, sutures, and 

 skewers must be allowed to drop off spontaneously, or the opera- 

 tion may prove incomplete. 



FISTULOUS UMBILICAL HERNIA. 



Of this form of hernia, with artificial anus, the following in- 

 teresting case is recorded in the Veterinarian for 1833 by Pro- 

 fessor Dick : — 



The horse, four years old, was bought at Kinross Market, 

 with a considerable enlargement of the umbilicus upon him. 

 He did his work for some time, but it was with stiffness and 

 unwillingness. Shortly afterwards he was seized with a " ting," 

 and a farrier was sent for, under whom he got better. He was 

 put to work again, but proved still stiff and unwilling. Shortly 

 after, " an opening formed at the navel, by which the whole of 

 the faeces were passed off." Mr. Thomson, V.S., Eedstone, was 

 sent for, who " stitched up the opening, which was large enough 

 to admit a person's fist, and applied a roller with a pad of tow 

 over it, also occasionally adhesive plaister." "Adhesion took 

 place, and granulations formed very rapidly for some time ; but 

 a very small opening remained, which seemed extremely obsti- 

 nate, yet was making a little progress, and to all appearance 

 v/ould have been entirely closed in a short time " — when he died. 

 The intestines proved in many places perforated by ulceration, 

 apparently the effects of lumbrici. There seemed to be no 

 disease about the umbilical opening, except adhesion between 

 the intestines and the parietes of the abdomen. I found it to 

 be a part of the ileum that had fallen into the opening, about a 

 foot from the csecum. Nature had formed a tube of about two 

 inches long, quite distinct from the ileum, by way of a rectum ; 

 but when it was a good deal healed up, air seemed to be sucked 

 in by it, and passed off ^:)er anum. In drinking, the water passed 

 off by it without any of the aliment being mixed with it ; it 

 seemed almost as clear when passed as when drunk. If he got 

 the benefit of his meat, he received no benefit of his drink ; for it 

 passed off as fast as he drank it ; and from this cause, ajjparently, 



