132 NATURE STUDY REVIEW (10:4— April, 1914 



enable any teacher to point out and tell the story of the constel- 

 lations to a class. After that an almost limitless field is open 

 provided there is the time and inclination to acquire further 

 knowledge. 



The third, and last, instalment of this article will contain a few 

 suggestions concerning the teaching of constellations and the 

 making of simple observations by day and by night. 



The Ways of Monarch Butterflies 



Florence E. Lillie 



I had known the life history of the Monarch butterfly for some 

 time but fourteen years ago I began to observe it with a new 

 interest and for a particular purpose which was to see if it did not 

 sometimes hibernate in Minnesota contrary to the general belief. 

 As far as giving any evidence bearing on that point this article 

 is worthless for after all of these years of careful watching I am no 

 more able to prove my belief, which is still firm, than when I first 

 began my observations but I have had some experience with these 

 butterflies which have been very interesting to others as well as 

 myself and I trust may be so to the readers of the Review. 



I had read that no specimen of hibernating monarch had ever 

 been found; every year I noticed monarch butterflies in Minne- 

 sota in May; some of these early ones had faded but not ragged 

 wings while the wings of others were bright; this led me to be- 

 lieve that otu late monarchs, which hatched after the rank and 

 file had gone South, not only hibernated but hibernated in two 

 forms, as a butterfly and in the last caterpillar stage ; the chrysalis 

 being suspended by the posterior end only, would indicate that 

 they did not pass the winter in that form. 



I coiild not believe that those with faded but imfrayed wings 

 had gone south in the fall and returned in the spring without 

 their wings showing more wear, or that they would have rettuned 

 at so early a date ; but rather, that they had hibernated as butter- 

 flies; the early ones with bright wings must apparently have just 

 come from the chrysalis and hibernated in the last caterpillar 

 stage. 



