CARROL] ELEMENTARY SCIENCE COURSES 259 



The Agricultural College at Cornell University and the Agricul- 

 tural College at Hampton, Virginia, have promoted nature-study, 

 and offered courses for elementary teachers, continuously for the 

 past ten years. Only a few agricultural colleges have recently 

 offered courses in nature-study for teachers. 



Teachers' College at Columbia and The School of Education of 

 Chicago University have been actively promoting nature-study 

 work for several years. Several courses are offered in these schools 

 for teachers wishing to take special work in nature-study, and 

 the nature-study courses conducted in the training schools are 

 under the direction of leaders in the nature-study movement. 



In the summer of 19 12 Miami State Normal, Miami University 

 offered a course in elementary science for elementary teachers 

 which partook largely of the nature-study ideas. The above 

 course required the students' full time. Miami Normal also offers 

 a two year agricultural course arranged for superintendents, 

 principals and science teachers in rural schools, which requires 

 about one-third of the entire course in biological subjects. The 

 Teachers College, De Kalb, 111., offers a third year normal course 

 for specialization along any one of several branches; the whole 

 time of the third year may be devoted to science. 



Biology stations are conducted by several state universities and 

 offer courses during the summer which are excellent courses for 

 nature-study teachers. These, however, are planned primarily 

 for regular courses in biology as taught in high schools and colleges. 



Similar to these, are many helpful courses given in most colleges, 

 teachers colleges, agricultural colleges and universities, which are 

 arranged for instruction and preparation of teachers in secondary 

 schools, all such courses requiring four years for completion. Most 

 of these schools offer teachers' courses from two to four years in 

 length, but except where there is a Teachers' College or School of 

 Education no systematic courses in science are planned for teachers 

 below high school. 



In a report on courses offered in summer schools during the 

 summer of 191 1, including normals, universities, private schools, 

 etc., we note that biology has a prominent place in the list of sub- 

 jects, the subject being offered in different forms in most schools. 

 In many of these schools, offering several biology courses, nature- 

 study or gardening was not given; therefore, we find that courses 

 are not prepared especially for grade teachers and consequently the 



