schively] NA TURE-STUD Y COURSE IN NORMAL SCHOOL 347 



Turtle or tortoise. Animals kept in classroom. 



Preparation of animals for winter; migration; hibernation. 



Miscellaneous 



Moon: daily observation by the pupils; classroom record kept 

 on board for a month. Study of the phases. This work should be 

 associated with talks about the moon — its distance, size, motions, 

 etc. ■ Myths may be read in connection with the work. 



Sun: daily observations by the pupils. This study should be 

 accompanied with talks about the sun — distance, size, light, heat, 

 etc. 



Stars: Great Dipper; North Star; Orion. 



Diagrams giving idea of arrangement of these stars should be 

 shown to class. 



December, January, February 

 Plant Life 

 Evergreen trees: pine, hemlock, spruce, fir. Recognition of 

 species and uses. 



Study of the flowering bulb. 



Experimental 

 Electricity: simple conversations, with experiments. 

 Heat experiments (see third grade). 



(a) Effects on solids — expansion. 



(6) Effects on liquids — expansion. 



(c) Relation between heat and electricity. 



Minerals 



Common building stones: sandstone, marble, slate, serpentine, 

 granite and gneiss. All these are to be examined, peculiarities 

 noticed, and all stones recognized. 



While studying marble, attention is to be given to the fact that 

 it is a form of limestone. Other forms of limestone may be shown 

 and tested with acid. Limestone when burned gives us lime ; uses 

 of this. 



While studying granite and gneiss, quartz, feldspar and mica will 

 be learned. Emphasize fact that gneiss is found in neighborhood 

 of Philadelphia. 



