366 NATURE-STUDY REVIEW [10:9— Dec, 1914 



to see their own bodies as machines which must be treated in 

 proper ways for the best results; toward the close of the year 

 simple experiments in magnetism and electricity are studied in 

 order to introduce pupils to some of the simpler phenomena of 

 physics. 



Projects 

 What are the possibilities of overproduction of plants and 

 animals? How are human bodies in their work alike or different 

 from those of plant and animals previously studied ? How does a 

 magnet work? Construct a push button for use in the home. 

 Devise apparatus for illustrating electrical phenomena. 



Materials 



Plants — Garden plants used as basis of calculations on struggle 

 for existence. Weeds and trees used similarly; in hygiene studies 

 bacteria and molds are studied; also disease carrying insects in 

 their relation to bacteria. 



Animals — Some common animals — birds, rabbits, frogs, etc., 

 used as basis of calculations on struggle for existence; animals 

 referred to constantly in connection with work on human hygiene ; 

 insects which carry disease germs, as the fly and mosquito; dairy 

 cattle and dairying in relation to milk supply. The food problem 

 for man and animals; teeth; mastication and digestion; stimu- 

 lants; the blood; ventilation; respiration; personal hygiene — 

 hearing, eyesight, sleep, cleanliness, athletics and exercise; city 

 hygiene — playgrounds, baths, milk supply, water and ice supply, 

 stores; contagious diseases — tuberculosis, typhoid, diphtheria; 

 healthful homes. 



Physical Materials — Soil and water in connection with struggle 

 for existence. The lodestone; bar magnets, horse shoe magnet, 

 magnetism; compass; electricity — electric bell, battery cell, push 

 buttons, burglar alarm bell, wiring houses for bells, storage cells, 

 votlaic cells, galvanoscope. 



Seventh and Eighth Grades 



Purposes 



To use constructive ability and investigative attitude in a study 



of physical processes which are related to common home, school 



and community use of physical materials ; topics studied are those 



