ullrich] NATURE-STUDY IN WISCONSIN 115 



tion by means of the materials of the industries, then Nature- 

 Study is well adapted to this end. 9. Finally, the views of 

 the supervisors of the state department, principals of training 

 schools, and science teachers in normal schools on the vocational 

 trend in Nature-Study fall into three groups; first, those that 

 think that without the vocational in Nature-Study there will 

 be an inflation of a hazy education that leaves its victim help- 

 less in the air while with the vocational there will be a conscious 

 appreciation of the purposes of Nature-Study in the grades that 

 tends to dispel abstractness ; second, those that feel that the cry- 

 ing need of all education is to link it with the life problem grow- 

 ing out of the immediate environment but that the highest pur- 

 pose of Nature-Study in the grades, namely, the cultivation of 

 the highest appreciation of nature and nature's ways, may be 

 defeated, if the subject is over practicalized ; and last, those 

 that fear that the introduction of the vocational into the sub- 

 ject would result in narrowness, the choosing of a groove for 

 a pupil before he is ready for a groove, the premature forcing 

 of pupils into the trades, and the robbing of the pupil of the ed- 

 ucation which is the best suited to his mental development. 



Of these three conceptions of the vocational trend in Nature- 

 Study the second has the largest number of supporters. 



Nature-Study and the Common Forms 

 of Animal Life.— V. 



Dr. R. W. Shufeldt. 



Naturalists consider butterflies and moths to be just as much 

 within the realm of animal life as bats and beavers; indeed, 

 zoologically speaking, any living form in nature, not belong- 

 ing to the Vegetable Kingdom, is considered to be an animal . Many 

 erroneously believe that the word applies only to some creature 

 of the mammalian order, which is, as I say, entirely incorrect. 



Biologically, frogs, fish, and all feathered forms — -that is, birds 

 — are reckoned as animals, though it may seem strange to some 

 to so designate them. 



Speaking of butterflies and moths, it is hard to conceive of 

 a more fascinating and delightful line of study — including field 

 work- — than these most beautiful and often gorgeous insects 

 offer us. They have everything to recommend them; they oc- 



